滑鼠操作
用於與網頁互動的任何指標裝置的表示。
滑鼠只能完成 3 個動作：按下按鈕、釋放已按下的按鈕以及移動滑鼠。 Selenium 提供了便捷的方法，以最常見的方式組合這些動作。
點擊並按住
此方法結合了將滑鼠移動到元素中心並按下滑鼠左鍵。 這對於聚焦特定元素很有用
WebElement clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.clickAndHold(clickable)
.perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "clickable")
ActionChains(driver) \
.click_and_hold(clickable) \
.perform() IWebElement clickable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.ClickAndHold(clickable)
.Perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(id: 'clickable')
driver.action
.click_and_hold(clickable)
.perform let clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.move({origin: clickable}).press().perform(); val clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"))
Actions(driver)
.clickAndHold(clickable)
.perform()點擊並釋放
此方法結合了移動到元素中心並按下並釋放滑鼠左鍵。 這也稱為「點擊」
WebElement clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("click"));
new Actions(driver)
.click(clickable)
.perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "click")
ActionChains(driver) \
.click(clickable) \
.perform() IWebElement clickable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("click"));
new Actions(driver)
.Click(clickable)
.Perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(id: 'click')
driver.action
.click(clickable)
.perform let click = driver.findElement(By.id("click"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.move({origin: click}).click().perform(); val clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("click"))
Actions(driver)
.click(clickable)
.perform()替代按鈕點擊
滑鼠總共定義了 5 個按鈕
- 0 — 左鍵（預設）
- 1 — 中鍵（目前不支援）
- 2 — 右鍵
- 3 — X1（後退）按鈕
- 4 — X2（前進）按鈕
上下文點擊
此方法結合了移動到元素中心並按下並釋放滑鼠右鍵（按鈕 2）。 這也稱為「右鍵點擊」
WebElement clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.contextClick(clickable)
.perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "clickable")
ActionChains(driver) \
.context_click(clickable) \
.perform() IWebElement clickable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.ContextClick(clickable)
.Perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(id: 'clickable')
driver.action
.context_click(clickable)
.perform const clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.contextClick(clickable).perform(); val clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"))
Actions(driver)
.contextClick(clickable)
.perform()後退點擊
沒有針對此操作的便捷方法，它只是按下並釋放滑鼠按鈕 3
PointerInput mouse = new PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse");
Sequence actions = new Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerDown(PointerInput.MouseButton.BACK.asArg()))
.addAction(mouse.createPointerUp(PointerInput.MouseButton.BACK.asArg()));
((RemoteWebDriver) driver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions)); action = ActionBuilder(driver)
action.pointer_action.pointer_down(MouseButton.BACK)
action.pointer_action.pointer_up(MouseButton.BACK)
action.perform() ActionBuilder actionBuilder = new ActionBuilder();
PointerInputDevice mouse = new PointerInputDevice(PointerKind.Mouse, "default mouse");
actionBuilder.AddAction(mouse.CreatePointerDown(MouseButton.Back));
actionBuilder.AddAction(mouse.CreatePointerUp(MouseButton.Back));
((IActionExecutor)driver).PerformActions(actionBuilder.ToActionSequenceList()); const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.press(Button.BACK).release(Button.BACK).perform() val mouse = PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse")
val actions = Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerDown(PointerInput.MouseButton.BACK.asArg()))
.addAction(mouse.createPointerUp(PointerInput.MouseButton.BACK.asArg()))
(driver as RemoteWebDriver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions))前進點擊
沒有針對此操作的便捷方法，它只是按下並釋放滑鼠按鈕 4
PointerInput mouse = new PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse");
Sequence actions = new Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerDown(PointerInput.MouseButton.FORWARD.asArg()))
.addAction(mouse.createPointerUp(PointerInput.MouseButton.FORWARD.asArg()));
((RemoteWebDriver) driver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions)); action = ActionBuilder(driver)
action.pointer_action.pointer_down(MouseButton.FORWARD)
action.pointer_action.pointer_up(MouseButton.FORWARD)
action.perform() ActionBuilder actionBuilder = new ActionBuilder();
PointerInputDevice mouse = new PointerInputDevice(PointerKind.Mouse, "default mouse");
actionBuilder.AddAction(mouse.CreatePointerDown(MouseButton.Forward));
actionBuilder.AddAction(mouse.CreatePointerUp(MouseButton.Forward));
((IActionExecutor)driver).PerformActions(actionBuilder.ToActionSequenceList()); const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.press(Button.FORWARD).release(Button.FORWARD).perform() val mouse = PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse")
val actions = Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerDown(PointerInput.MouseButton.FORWARD.asArg()))
.addAction(mouse.createPointerUp(PointerInput.MouseButton.FORWARD.asArg()))
(driver as RemoteWebDriver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions))雙擊
此方法結合了移動到元素中心並按下並釋放滑鼠左鍵兩次。
WebElement clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.doubleClick(clickable)
.perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "clickable")
ActionChains(driver) \
.double_click(clickable) \
.perform() IWebElement clickable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("clickable"));
new Actions(driver)
.DoubleClick(clickable)
.Perform(); clickable = driver.find_element(id: 'clickable')
driver.action
.double_click(clickable)
.perform const clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.doubleClick(clickable).perform(); val clickable = driver.findElement(By.id("clickable"))
Actions(driver)
.doubleClick(clickable)
.perform()移動到元素
此方法將滑鼠移動到元素的可見中心點。 這也稱為「懸停」。 請注意，元素必須在視窗中，否則命令會出錯。
WebElement hoverable = driver.findElement(By.id("hover"));
new Actions(driver)
.moveToElement(hoverable)
.perform(); hoverable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "hover")
ActionChains(driver) \
.move_to_element(hoverable) \
.perform() IWebElement hoverable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("hover"));
new Actions(driver)
.MoveToElement(hoverable)
.Perform(); hoverable = driver.find_element(id: 'hover')
driver.action
.move_to(hoverable)
.perform const hoverable = driver.findElement(By.id("hover"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.move({origin: hoverable}).perform(); val hoverable = driver.findElement(By.id("hover"))
Actions(driver)
.moveToElement(hoverable)
.perform()按偏移量移動
這些方法首先將滑鼠移動到指定的原點，然後移動提供的偏移量中的像素數。 請注意，滑鼠的位置必須在視窗中，否則命令會出錯。
從元素偏移
此方法將滑鼠移動到元素的可見中心點，然後按提供的偏移量移動。
WebElement tracker = driver.findElement(By.id("mouse-tracker"));
new Actions(driver)
.moveToElement(tracker, 8, 0)
.perform(); mouse_tracker = driver.find_element(By.ID, "mouse-tracker")
ActionChains(driver) \
.move_to_element_with_offset(mouse_tracker, 8, 0) \
.perform() IWebElement tracker = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mouse-tracker"));
new Actions(driver)
.MoveToElement(tracker, 8, 0)
.Perform(); mouse_tracker = driver.find_element(id: 'mouse-tracker')
driver.action
.move_to(mouse_tracker, 8, 11)
.perform const mouseTracker = driver.findElement(By.id("mouse-tracker"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.move({x: 8, y: 0, origin: mouseTracker}).perform(); val tracker = driver.findElement(By.id("mouse-tracker"))
Actions(driver)
.moveToElement(tracker, 8, 0)
.perform()從視窗偏移
此方法將滑鼠從目前視窗的左上角按提供的偏移量移動。
PointerInput mouse = new PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse");
Sequence actions = new Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerMove(Duration.ZERO, PointerInput.Origin.viewport(), 8, 12));
((RemoteWebDriver) driver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions)); action = ActionBuilder(driver)
action.pointer_action.move_to_location(8, 0)
action.perform() ActionBuilder actionBuilder = new ActionBuilder();
PointerInputDevice mouse = new PointerInputDevice(PointerKind.Mouse, "default mouse");
actionBuilder.AddAction(mouse.CreatePointerMove(CoordinateOrigin.Viewport,
8, 0, TimeSpan.Zero));
((IActionExecutor)driver).PerformActions(actionBuilder.ToActionSequenceList()); driver.action
.move_to_location(8, 12)
.perform const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.move({x: 8, y: 0}).perform(); val mouse = PointerInput(PointerInput.Kind.MOUSE, "default mouse")
val actions = Sequence(mouse, 0)
.addAction(mouse.createPointerMove(Duration.ZERO, PointerInput.Origin.viewport(), 8, 12))
(driver as RemoteWebDriver).perform(Collections.singletonList(actions))從目前指標位置偏移
此方法將滑鼠從目前位置按使用者提供的偏移量移動。 如果滑鼠先前未移動，則位置將位於視窗的左上角。 請注意，當頁面滾動時，指標位置不會改變。
請注意，第一個參數 X 指定在為正數時向右移動，而第二個參數 Y 指定在為正數時向下移動。 因此，moveByOffset(30, -10) 從目前滑鼠位置向右移動 30 像素，向上移動 10 像素。
new Actions(driver)
.moveByOffset(13, 15)
.perform(); ActionChains(driver) \
.move_by_offset(13, 15) \
.perform() new Actions(driver)
.MoveByOffset(13, 15)
.Perform(); driver.action
.move_by(13, 15)
.perform await actions.move({x: 13, y: 15, origin: Origin.POINTER}).perform() Actions(driver)
.moveByOffset(13, 15)
.perform()在元素上拖放
此方法首先對來源元素執行點擊並按住操作，移動到目標元素的位置，然後釋放滑鼠。
WebElement draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
WebElement droppable = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));
new Actions(driver)
.dragAndDrop(draggable, droppable)
.perform(); draggable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "draggable")
droppable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "droppable")
ActionChains(driver) \
.drag_and_drop(draggable, droppable) \
.perform() IWebElement draggable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("draggable"));
IWebElement droppable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("droppable"));
new Actions(driver)
.DragAndDrop(draggable, droppable)
.Perform(); draggable = driver.find_element(id: 'draggable')
droppable = driver.find_element(id: 'droppable')
driver.action
.drag_and_drop(draggable, droppable)
.perform const draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
const droppable = await driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.dragAndDrop(draggable, droppable).perform(); val draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"))
val droppable = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"))
Actions(driver)
.dragAndDrop(draggable, droppable)
.perform()按偏移量拖放
此方法首先對來源元素執行點擊並按住操作，移動到給定的偏移量，然後釋放滑鼠。
WebElement draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
Rectangle start = draggable.getRect();
Rectangle finish = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")).getRect();
new Actions(driver)
.dragAndDropBy(draggable, finish.getX() - start.getX(), finish.getY() - start.getY())
.perform(); draggable = driver.find_element(By.ID, "draggable")
start = draggable.location
finish = driver.find_element(By.ID, "droppable").location
ActionChains(driver) \
.drag_and_drop_by_offset(draggable, finish['x'] - start['x'], finish['y'] - start['y']) \
.perform() IWebElement draggable = driver.FindElement(By.Id("draggable"));
Point start = draggable.Location;
Point finish = driver.FindElement(By.Id("droppable")).Location;
new Actions(driver)
.DragAndDropToOffset(draggable, finish.X - start.X, finish.Y - start.Y)
.Perform(); draggable = driver.find_element(id: 'draggable')
start = draggable.rect
finish = driver.find_element(id: 'droppable').rect
driver.action
.drag_and_drop_by(draggable, finish.x - start.x, finish.y - start.y)
.perform const draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
let start = await draggable.getRect();
let finish = await driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")).getRect();
const actions = driver.actions({async: true});
await actions.dragAndDrop(draggable, {x: finish.x - start.x, y: finish.y - start.y}).perform(); val draggable = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"))
val start = draggable.getRect()
val finish = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")).getRect()
Actions(driver)
.dragAndDropBy(draggable, finish.getX() - start.getX(), finish.getY() - start.getY())
.perform()
